Segmentation fault (core dumped) in Unix

A segmentation fault occurs when a program attempts to access a memory location that it is not allowed to access, or attempts to access a memory location in a way that is not allowed (for example, attempting to write to a read-only location, or to overwrite part of the operating system).
Segmentation fault can also occur under following circumstances:
a) A buggy program / command, which can be only fixed by applying patch.
b) It can also appear when you try to access an array beyond the end of an array under C programming.
c) Inside a chrooted jail this can occur when critical shared libs, config file or /dev/ entry missing.
d) Sometime hardware or faulty memory or driver can also create problem.
e) Maintain suggested environment for all computer equipment (overheating can also generate this problem).

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